evaluation

Abstract: Information visualization has often focused on providing deep insight for expert user populations and on techniques for amplifying cognition through complicated interactive visual models. This paper proposes a new subdomain for infovis research that complements the focus on analytic tasks and expert use. Instead of work-related and analytically driven infovis, we propose Casual Information Visualization (or Casual Infovis) as a complement to more traditional infovis domains. Traditional infovis systems, techniques, and methods do not easily lend themselves to the broad range of user populations, from expert to novices, or from work tasks to more everyday situations. We propose definitions, perspectives, and research directions for further investigations of this emerging subfield. These perspectives build from ambient information visualization [32], social visualization, and also from artistic work that visualizes information [41]. We seek to provide a perspective on infovis that integrates these research agendas under a coherent vocabulary and framework for design. We enumerate the following contributions. First, we demonstrate how blurry the boundary of infovis is by examining systems that exhibit many of the putative proper ties of infovis systems, but perhaps would not be considered so. Second, we explore the notion of insight and how, instead of a monolithic definition of insight, there may be multiple types, each with particular characteristics. Third, we discuss design challenges for systems intended for casual audiences. Finally we conclude with challenges for system evaluation in this emerging subfield.

 design;  evaluation;  editorial;  casual information visualization;  ambient infovis;  social infovis;  

Abstract: Sorry no abstract available for this article

 evaluation;  education;  health;  

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Abstract: This article approaches the challenges posed by the need to conceive and implement a culture of evaluation. For this purpose it discusses the relations and differences between evaluative research, normative evaluation and decision-making. The analysis shows the capacity to institutionalize the evaluation as a tool for improving the health system to be self-contradictory, for presupposing that the information produced by an evaluation helps to rationalize the decision processes. It is affirmed that the degree to which the results of an evaluation are taken into consideration by decision-makers varies according to their credibility, theoretical foundation and pertinence. What can be observed is that the actors occupying different positions are unable to agree upon the pertinence of the results produced by the evaluation. For turning evaluation into a core-strategy for transforming the health system the author suggests to create the conditions for a truly critical judgment through implementation of strategies that favor professional qualification and instruction, debates, reflections and the opening of new horizons of intervention. Institutionalize the evaluation implies in the first place in questioning the capacity of this evaluation to produce the information and judgments the decision-makers need for improving the performance of the SUS.

 evaluation;  Primary Health Care;  Avaliação;  Atenção básica;  Institucionalização da avaliação;  Institutionalization of the evaluation;  

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Abstract: Existing system-level taxonomies of visualization tasks are geared more towards the design of particular representations than the facilitation of user analytic activity. We present a set of ten low-level analysis tasks that largely capture people��?s activities while employing information visualization tools for understanding data. To help develop these tasks, we collected nearly 200 sample questions from students about how they would analyze five particular data sets from different domains. The questions, while not being totally comprehensive, illustrated the sheer variety of analytic questions typically posed by users when employing information visualization systems. We hope that the presented set of tasks is useful for information visualization system designers as a kind of common substrate to discuss the relative analytic capabilities of the systems. Further, the tasks may provide a form of checklist for system designers

 Visualization Taxonomy;  knowledge discovery;  analytic acitivity;  taxonomy;  Analytic activity;  design;  evaluation;  Analytic activity, taxonomy, knowledge;  

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Abstract: Existing system-level taxonomies of visualization tasks are geared more towards the design of particular representations than the facilitation of user analytic activity. We present a set of ten low-level analysis tasks that largely capture people��?s activities while employing information visualization tools for understanding data. To help develop these tasks, we collected nearly 200 sample questions from students about how they would analyze five particular data sets from different domains. The questions, while not being totally comprehensive, illustrated the sheer variety of analytic questions typically posed by users when employing information visualization systems. We hope that the presented set of tasks is useful for information visualization system designers as a kind of common substrate to discuss the relative analytic capabilities of the systems. Further, the tasks may provide a form of checklist for system designers

 Visualization Taxonomy;  knowledge discovery;  analytic acitivity;  taxonomy;  Analytic activity;  design;  evaluation;  Analytic activity, taxonomy, knowledge;  

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 Information Visualization;  evaluation;  Theory;  analytic gap;  framework;  knowledge tasks;  

Abstract: Recent governmental initiatives allowed for quality assessment proposals to Primary Healthcare in Brazil. This is a new field but a priority in the current strengthening of Family Health strategy following a decade of expansion and consolidation. This article focuses on assessment and quality improvement strategies in the context of Primary Healthcare.

 evaluation;  Avaliação;  Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde;  Saúde da família;  Medicina de família;  Quality health care;  Family health;  Family practice;  

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Abstract: Health services epidemiological research generally involves testing the efficacy of new programs or strategies and the evaluation of health services quality. Repeating the evidence-based medicine model that has flourished in the clinical field, evaluations of public health programs' effectiveness has preferentially proposed and employed randomized studies as a way of guaranteeing a scientific standard of credibility in the results. A new trend among researchers of epidemiology applied to health services has challenged this premise and proposes that randomized studies be adapted to encompass the broad causal chain linking the implementation of programs to a given impact indicator. Others designs are proposed at different levels of causal inference, but sufficiently rigorous for their results to be reliable.

 evaluation;  Health Services;  Serviços de Saúde;  Avaliação dos Serviços;  Services Evaluation;  research;  Pesquisa;  

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 evaluation;  algorithm;  analysis;  clustering;  calibration;  testing;  

Abstract: Este ensaio versa sobre a avaliação de programas e serviços de saúde, dando ênfase à subjetividade imanente ao processo de avaliar. Trata-se de uma construção teórica que focaliza os diversos sentidos da avaliação, a influência do paradigma positivista no campo da avaliação de programas e serviços de saúde, o caráter polissêmico do termo qualidade e sua estreita imbricação com a subjetividade. Em adição, procuramos indicar a importância dos estudos que incorporam as perspectivas dos atores sociais nos processos de avaliação, apontando a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa social como sendo um profícuo instrumento.

 evaluation;  Health Services;  Qualitative Analysis;  Avaliação;  Serviços de Saúde;  Análise Qualitativa;  

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Abstract: The field of program, services and technology evaluation in general, and in health care in particular, is going through an important growth and conceptual and methodological diversification. It is also the object of an increasing demand for its participation as an effective supportive instrument in the decision-making process, and a constant need in the dynamics of health systems and services. In this paper, based on literature review, nuclear criteria involved in the organization of all evaluation processes are identified, and articulated with the existing institutionalized evaluation practices in developed countries, that is, program evaluation, quality assessment and management and technology assessment. In conclusion, the incipient development of a methodological evaluation output in Brazil is analyzed.

 evaluation;  Health Services;  Program Evaluation;  Avaliação;  Serviços de Saúde;  Health services research;  Avaliação de Programas;  Garantia da qualidade dos cuidados de saúde;  Pesquisa sobre serviços de saúde;  Avaliação de tecnologias em saúde;  Planos e programas de saúde;  Quality assurance, health care;  Evaluation of health technologies;  Health plans and programmes;  

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 evaluation;  education;  medicine;  capacitacionssp;  

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 evaluation;  active documents;  hypertext;  participatory design;  

Abstract: Sorry no abstract available for this article

 evaluation;  education;  capacitacionssp;  

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