Qualitative Analysis

Abstract: Este ensaio versa sobre a avaliação de programas e serviços de saúde, dando ênfase à subjetividade imanente ao processo de avaliar. Trata-se de uma construção teórica que focaliza os diversos sentidos da avaliação, a influência do paradigma positivista no campo da avaliação de programas e serviços de saúde, o caráter polissêmico do termo qualidade e sua estreita imbricação com a subjetividade. Em adição, procuramos indicar a importância dos estudos que incorporam as perspectivas dos atores sociais nos processos de avaliação, apontando a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa social como sendo um profícuo instrumento.

 evaluation;  Health Services;  Qualitative Analysis;  Avaliação;  Serviços de Saúde;  Análise Qualitativa;  

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Abstract: There is a consistent theoretical and methodological foundations on qualitative health research provided mainly by social sciences. However, this existent overlap between social and health aspects is a wide multidisciplinary field still underexplored. This article offers an overview of the main paradigms, methodologies and theoretical tendencies of qualitative research analyses within the health sciences context. Based on an initial classification, two opposite extremes for setting the bounds of the qualitative analysis continuum - from designs focusing on data description, which are purely exploratory, to those which go into theorizing processes so as to draw out interpretations and inferences - are discussed. Qualitative research is an important tool in the analysis of health problems from a social and cultural point of view. Adopting different procedures such as content and speech analysis, qualitative research approaches communication patterns and examines the diverse language ideologies. Sociological and anthropological traditions provide unique methodologies which allow to know the context where the phenomena appear and set out theoretical proposals in order to explain them, for example ethnomethodology or analytical induction. Lastly, some keys are suggested for developing a common area, out of which new epistemological perspectives may be set out based on different disciplines coming together.

 qualitative research;  Análisis cualitativo;  Investigación cualitativa;  Qualitative Analysis;  Ciencias de la Salud;  Ciencias Sociales;  Health Sciences;  Social Sciencies;  

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