georeferencing

Abstract: This article presents a survey of the state of the art in geocoding practices through a cross-disciplinary historical review of existing literature. We explore the evolving concept of geocoding and the fundamental components of the process. Frequently encountered sources of error and uncertainty are discussed as well as existing measures used to quantify them. An examination of common pitfalls and persistent challenges in the geocoding process is presented, and the traditional methods for overcoming them are described.

 georeferencing;  information-retrieval;  data;  geocoding;  tool;  

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Abstract: Sorry no abstract available for this article

 georeferencing;  geocoding;  annotation;  

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Abstract: We are presenting a method to recognise geographical references in free text. Our tool must work on various languages with a minimum of language-dependent resources, except a gazetteer. The main difficulty is to disambiguate these place names by distinguishing places from persons and by selecting the most likely place out of a list of homographic place names world-wide. The system uses a number of language-independent clues and heuristics to disambiguate place name homographs. The final aim is to index texts with the countries and cities they mention and to automatically visualise this information on geographical maps using various tools.

 georeferencing;  geocoding;  gazetteer;  

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Abstract: We describe a framework for automatically selecting a summary set of photos from a large collection of geo-referenced photographs. Such large collections are inherently difficult to browse, and become excessively so as they grow in size, making summaries an important tool in rendering these collections accessible. Our summary algorithm is based on spatial patterns in photo sets, as well as textual-topical patterns and user (photographer) identity cues. The algorithm can be expanded to support social, temporal, and other factors. The summary can thus be biased by the content of the query, the user making the query, and the context in which the query is made. A modified version of our summarization algorithm serves as a basis for a new map-based visualization of large collections of geo-referenced photos, called Tag Maps. Tag Maps visualize the data by placing highly representative textual tags on relevant map locations in the viewed region, effectively providing a sense of the important concepts embodied in the collection. An initial evaluation of our implementation on a set of geo-referenced photos shows that our algorithm and visualization perform well, producing summaries and views that are highly rated by users.

 Visualization;  algorithm;  georeferencing;  flickr;  automated;  

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 Coordinate systems;  georeferencing;  

Abstract: Recent initiatives to geospatial digital libraries provide access to a wealth of distributed data, but offer only basic levels of interactivity and user assistance. Consequently, users find it difficult and time-consuming to browse through data collections and locate those data sets that meet their requirements. The MetaViz project addresses two of the major barriers preventing the extensive use of digital libraries: lack of usability and information overload. This research focuses on geospatial data, making it possible to develop effective visualization and interaction methods that are based on familiar spatial metaphors. The visualization methods developed employ three-dimensional techniques, combining several characteristics or dimensions of metadata into single graphical views. As those visualizations are based on map and landscape metaphors, they are easy to understand and provide instant overviews of complex data characteristics. The visualization methods have been integrated into MetaViz, an interactive system for browsing and searching geospatial data. In MetaViz, graphical views of data characteristics can be created and combined dynamically, levels of detail can be adjusted and the data sets found can be previewed and accessed. MetaViz helps users to locate and select appropriate geospatial data from various sources and to combine and use them in an effective way.

 Visualization;  georeferencing;  library;  geospatial;  

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Abstract: In this paper we present an algorithm which automatically extracts geopositional coordinate index terms from text to support georeferenced document indexing and retrieval. Under this algorithm, words and phrases containing geographic place names or characteristics are extracted from a text document and used as input to database functions which use spatial reasoning to approximate statistically the geoposition being referenced in the text. We conclude with a discussion of preliminary results and ...

 georeferencing;  information-retrieval;  geocoding;  disambiguation;  

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Abstract: All types of information can be referenced to a geographic place. Maps, aerial photographs, and remote sensing images are spatially georeferenced. Other forms of information such as books, articles, research papers, pieces of music, and art are often linked to a geographic location through place names (geographic names). A gazetteer (a dictionary of geographic names) that is spatially referenced itself provides the bridge between these two types of georeferencing. With a georeferenced gazetteer ...

 georeferencing;  library;  digital;  gazetteer;  placenames;  

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