| |  | Sutcliffe, Alistair | Task analysis, systems analysis and design: symbiosis or synthesis? read moreAbstract: The relationship between methods for systems development that have originated from work in human-computer interaction (HCI) and in software engineering are examined using a classificatory framework of the system life cycle and the development issues are addressed. Software engineering methods tackle few HCI issues and would benefit from the addition of HCI principles and techniques. It is contended that two groups of HCI methods can be identified, task/organisation and cognitive task analysis; both of which should be integrated with structured system development methods to improve system usability. To encourage their practice, HCI methods need to be integrated with software engineering and to offer more prescriptive design advice. | 1989 |
| | | Johnson, Peter | Task-related knowledge structures: analysis, modelling and application read moreAbstract: A theoretical and methodological approach to task
modelling is described, with a worked example of
the resultant model. The theory holds that task
knowledge is represented in a person's memory
and that this knowledge can be described by a
Task Knowledge Structure (TKS). The method of
analysis has been developed for carrying out
analyses of real world tasks. The method uses a
variety of techniques for collecting information
about task knowledge. A second perspective of the
paper shows how a developed TKS model can be
decomposed into a design for a software system
to support the identified tasks within the domain
of the analysis. This decompositional method uses
the structure of frames to provide consistency
between different levels of design decomposition. | 1988 |
| | | Payne, S. J. | Task-Action Grammars: A Model of the Mental Representation of Task Languages read moreAbstract: A formal model of the mental representation of task languages is presented.
The model is a metalanguage for defining task-action grammars (TAG): generative
grammars that rewrite simple tasks into action specifications. Important
features of the model are (a) Identification of the "simple-tasksn that users can
perform routinely and that require no control structure; (b) Representation of
simple-tasks by collections of semantic components reflecting a categorization
of the task world; (c) Marking of tokens in rewrite rules with the semantic features
of the task world to supply selection restrictions on the rewriting of simpletasks
into action specifications. This device allows the representation of family
resemblances between individual task-action mappings. Simple complexity
metrics over task-action grammars make predictions about the relative
learnability of different task language designs. Some empirical support for
these predictions is derived from the existing empirical literature on command
language learning, and from two unreported experiments. Task-action grammars
also provide designers with an analytic tool for exposing the configural
properties of task languages. | 1986 |
| | | Arnheim, Rudolf | Visual Thinking read moreAbstract: Sorry no abstract available for this article | 1969 |
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