Theory

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 Information Visualization;  evaluation;  Theory;  analytic gap;  framework;  knowledge tasks;  

Abstract: In recent years it has become increasingly apparent that the issue of environmental quality is inextricably linked to that of human equality at all scales. This article examines the differing traditions and approaches of environmental justice and sustainability, and explores some of their theoretical bases. It also briefly reviews human rights and environmental security issues in order to discern the potential for common ground between the two main traditions. The authors argue that there are indications of convergence between these traditions and that this convergence is happening primarily through the activities of progressive NGOs, academics and local community organisations world-wide. What is now needed is for governments at local, regional, national and international levels to learn from these organisations and to seek to embed the central principles and practical approaches of environmental justice within emerging sustainable development policy.

 Theory;  environmental justice;  social justice;  sustainability;  

Abstract: This paper explores conceptual and practical linkages between women and food, and argues that food security cannot be realized until women are centrally included in policy discussions about food. Women's special relationship with food is culturally constructed and not a natural division of labor. Women's identity and sense of self is often based on their ability to feed their families and others; food insecurity denies them this right. Thus the interpretation of food as a human right requires that food issues be analyzed from a gender perspective. For example, the paper asks how the rights to food intersect with the rights of women and other human rights; what the policy implications of these intersecting rights are; and how their integration will contribute to the effort to view all human rights as mutually reinforcing, universal, and indivisible. The second half of the paper speculates on the significance of distinctions between the right to be fed, the right to food, and the right to feed for understanding the relation between gender and food.

 Theory;  social justice;  food security;  

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Abstract: Themes of CFS are loosely connected in literature about CFS with no logical linkages among them. Clear articulation in a theoretical framework is needed for CFS to be effective as a guide for policy and action. Calling for theory that delimits the level of analysis (e.g., what is community?), show how CFS relates to individual, household, and national food security and explain emergent properties, point to best indicators of CFS or its lack, clarify the determinants of CFS, and clarify the stages of movement toward CFS. Theoretical base would also help establish common ground with potential partners by making connections to anti-hunger work, sustainable ag, and community development clear.

 Theory;  food security;  nutrition policy;  summary;  

Abstract: Introduction to special edition of Ag & Human Values; series of articles works to offer better descriptions of existing food systems; help develop better theoretical and conceptual tools in analyzing restructurings and dynamics; clarify a number of practical issues facing those who want to promote more sustainable and just food systems, part. at the local scale

 Theory;  introduction;  social justice;  food security;  summary;  

Abstract: Part of that 1999 Ag and Human Values special edition; Allen introduces concept of CFS; describes its approach, raises some questions about how the movement can meet its goals of providing food for low income and developing local food systems (this is problematized by her and Guthman in a much later article); looks at conceptual and political promise and pitfalls of local, community-based approaches to food security; says important additions and complements of food security but can't replace a federal safety net.

 Theory;  food security;  summary;  local food systems;  

Abstract: Sorry no abstract available for this article

 Theory;  food security;  post-modern;  

Abstract: The need for a conceptually high level, unifying representational scheme for geographic phenomena was recognized long ago. A number of attempts to address this issue have been made in the past, and each has usually been centered around a specific theoretical point of view (Bartels 1982). This topic has reappeared recently within the context of geographical information systems. Recognizing that the representational scheme employed in large part determines the efficiency and ease of use withing a given application context, there has been much activity in developing better methods for representating geographic data in digital form. Nevertheless, porgress has been slow, with shuch activity usually focused on narrowly viewed implementational issues with no clear answers or overall insights toward solving the overall problem. This vaccum suggests that need for a more unified approach to both research in methods of representing geographic data and practical geographic database design based on a common and unified framework. Representational theories for spatial and non-spatial phenomena developed within other fields, particularly cognitive and perceptual psychology, computer vision and database management systems, are examined within the context of the geographic literature. Drawing on and combining these concepts with a top-down approach, I suggest a set of unifying principles and an overall framework for representing geographical phenomena based on these principles. This effor includes an enumeration of basic types of spatial relationships and their characteristics. Although the framework as presented is very general, it seems to represent a complete blending of previous geometric and preceptual appraoches, demonstrating that these appraoches are not only compatible but complementary. The theories developed in other disciplines provide insight into the functional relationship between the image-based and object-based views that have existed implicitly in Geography for many years

 geospatial operations;  Knowledge Representation;  book;  Theory;  

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 Theory;